Showing posts with label elders. Show all posts
Showing posts with label elders. Show all posts

Revelation 12-15 The Unholy Trinity

Revelation 12-15 The Unholy Trinity


TMS 1Peter 5:5-6 The Humble Get Grace
1Pt 5:5 “Likewise you younger people,
submit yourselves to your elders.
Yes, all of you be submissive to one another,
and be clothed with humility,
for "God resists the proud,
But gives grace to the humble."
6 Therefore humble yourselves under the mighty hand of God,
that He may exalt you in due time,

7 casting all your care upon Him, for He cares for you. 8 Be sober, be vigilant; because your adversary the devil walks about like a roaring lion, seeking whom he may devour.

Observations: 5:5-6 Humility requires a trust that God cares for you, and will look out for your interests (verse 7). An incentive to humility is that pride gets God's opposition (and Satan's attention), while submission gets God's grace (both now and in the future). Submission (see sermon on the S-word on Truthbase.net) is yielding our rights for the purpose of protection and God glorifying unity. In a Body of believers, people need to be persuaded about their leaders (as being Biblical) and submit to them (or find a place where they can do that; see comments on Heb 13:17). Also, as members of a Body, one needs to be submitted to the needs and interests of the group (see comments on Eph 5:21). Body parts that are cut off or disconnected from the body shrivel and die.
Application: Since independence is the essence of sin, avoid it by being dependent upon God and submitted to His will. How are you submitted to a Body of believers?
Prayer: Heavenly Father, thanks for caring about the things that concern me; help me submit to the authority You've placed in my life for my benefit, and give me the grace to live as Jesus did, in humility. Amen.


Revelation 12-15 These chapters form an interlude between the sounding of the seventh trumpet (last chapter) and the seven bowl/vial judgments which are contained in the seventh trumpet (chapter 16). John describes seven signs, three in heaven (12:1, 3; 15:1), and four on earth (13:13-14; 16:14; 19:20). The time sequence is interrupted to provide some ”background” scenes of things in the past and future. Many of the “vignettes” John presents are still future, but some occurred before John wrote as well. This post will reveal the unholy trinity of the Dragon/Satan, the Beast/Anti-Christ, and the False Prophet, as well as their attempts to control the entire earth. Those who receive the mark of Christ will be triumphant, while those who accept the mark of the Beast will live in torment.


Revelation 12 The Woman and the Dragon
12:1 A great sign was seen in heaven: a woman clothed with the sun, and the moon under her feet, and on her head a crown of twelve stars. 2 She was with child. She cried out in pain, laboring to give birth. 3 Another sign was seen in heaven. Behold, a great red dragon, having seven heads and ten horns, and on his heads seven crowns. 4 His tail drew one third of the stars of the sky, and threw them to the earth. The dragon stood before the woman who was about to give birth, so that when she gave birth he might devour her child. 5 She gave birth to a son, a male child, who is to rule all the nations with a rod of iron. Her child was caught up to God, and to his throne. 6 The woman fled into the wilderness, where she has a place prepared by God, that there they may nourish her one thousand two hundred sixty days.
7 There was war in the sky. Michael and his angels made war on the dragon. The dragon and his angels made war. 8 They didn’t prevail, neither was a place found for him any more in heaven. 9 The great dragon was thrown down, the old serpent, he who is called the devil and Satan, the deceiver of the whole world. He was thrown down to the earth, and his angels were thrown down with him.
10 I heard a loud voice in heaven, saying, "Now the salvation, the power/dominion, and the Kingdom of our God, and the authority of his Christ has come; for the accuser of our brothers has been thrown down, who accuses them before our God day and night. 11 They overcame him because of the Lamb’s blood, and because of the word of their testimony. They didn’t love their life, even to death.
12 Therefore rejoice, heavens, and you who dwell in them. Woe to the earth and to the sea, because the devil has gone down to you, having great wrath, knowing that he has but a short time." 13 When the dragon saw that he was thrown down to the earth, he persecuted the woman who gave birth to the male child. 14 Two wings of the great eagle were given to the woman, that she might fly into the wilderness to her place, so that she might be nourished for a time, and times, and half a time, from the face of the serpent. 15 The serpent spewed water out of his mouth after the woman like a river, that he might cause her to be carried away by the stream. 16 The earth helped the woman, and the earth opened its mouth and swallowed up the river which the dragon spewed out of his mouth. 17 The dragon grew angry with the woman, and went away to make war with the rest of her seed, who keep God’s commandments and hold Jesustestimony.

Observations: 12:1-6 John sees a “great sign,” a woman clothed with the sun. This is representative of something else (that's what a sign is). The context would point to the nation of Israel. The sun and moon would be indicative of the glory God gave the nation. The crown of twelve stars are most likely the twelve tribes. She is in labor, about to give birth to a male child who will rule all the nations with a rod iron, which can only be Jesus. Psalm 2 makes that explicit, the Father installing the Son as King on the holy hill of Mount Zion (cf Rev 2:27 where Jesus quotes this Psalm as the basis of His power which He shares with overcomers).
Another sign is introduced in verse 3, the great red dragon, which is identified as Satan in verse 9. The heads, horns, and crowns describe powers that rule under his authority (Dan 7:18-27 has the details). Verse 4 describes Satan leading a third of the angels to rebel (see verses 7-9). Satan sought to destroy Christ, but He was caught up (same word for “rapture” 1Thess 4:17) to God and His throne. Satan persecuted the woman/Israel, who fled into the wilderness, where she was protected for three and a half years (360 days to a prophetic year). This specific period of time would fit the last half of the Tribulation, when the anti-Christ (anti-Messiah) breaks the covenant with Israel.
12:7-9 John describes a “war” in heaven between Michael the archangel (Jude 9; Dan 12:1) and the good angels against Satan and the demonic angels, who lost, and were evicted from heaven.
12:10-11 Then John hears a voice announcing the arrival of the salvation, dominion and kingdom of God and of Christ. The reason for the announcement is that the accuser of the brethren has been cast down, which implies the salvation is the glorification (Heb 9:28) eagerly awaited by faithful saints. The saints overcame the accuser by the blood of the Lamb (which secured their forgiveness and relationship with God), and the word of their testimony, and their faithfulness to Christ, even though it resulted in death. Satan had no basis for accusation (see verse 17 below).
12:12-17 The heavens rejoice because Satan is cast down, but the earth mourns because of his activity there. He knows his time is short, so he does at much as possible to seek to thwart God's purposes and cause his own (usurpation of God) to be advanced. He persecutes Israel who is given divine protection so she can flee. Foiled again, Satan goes to make war with the rest of her descendants, described as those who keep God's commandments and hold to the the testimony concerning Christ.
Application: Those who faithfully obey Christ will encounter demonic opposition, and usually divine protection (but not always if God wants them in heaven right away). Since failure to obey is spiritual suicide and enslavement to Satan, it's far better to die for doing what is right.
Prayer: Heavenly Father, help me be loyal to You regardless of the presence or absence of opposition. Amen.

Revelation 13 The Unholy Trinity
13:1 Then I stood on the sand of the sea. I saw a beast coming up out of the sea, having ten horns and seven heads. On his horns were ten crowns, and on his heads, blasphemous names. 2 The beast which I saw was like a leopard, and his feet were like those of a bear, and his mouth like the mouth of a lion. The dragon gave him his power, his throne, and great authority. 3 One of his heads looked like it had been wounded fatally. His fatal wound was healed, and the whole earth marveled at the beast. 4 They worshiped the dragon, because he gave his authority to the beast, and they worshiped the beast, saying, "Who is like the beast? Who is able to make war with him?" 5 A mouth speaking great things and blasphemy was given to him. Authority to make war for forty-two months was given to him. 6 He opened his mouth for blasphemy against God, to blaspheme his name, and his dwelling, those who dwell in heaven. 7 It was given to him to make war with the saints, and to overcome them. Authority over every tribe, people, language, and nation was given to him. 8 All who dwell on the earth will worship him, everyone whose name has not been written in the book of life of the Lamb who has been slain from the foundation of the world. 9 If anyone has an ear, let him hear. 10 He who leads into captivity, he will go into captivity. He who kills with the sword, he must be killed. Here is the endurance and the faith of the saints.
11 I saw another beast coming up out of the earth. He had two horns like a lamb, and he spoke like a dragon. 12 He exercises all the authority of the first beast in his presence. He makes the earth and those who dwell in it to worship the first beast, whose fatal wound was healed. 13 He performs great signs, even making fire come down out of the sky to the earth in the sight of people. 14 He deceives my own people who dwell on the earth because of the signs he was granted to do in front of the beast; saying to those who dwell on the earth, that they should make an image to the beast who had the sword wound and lived. 15 It was given to him to give breath to it, to the image of the beast, that the image of the beast should both speak, and cause as many as wouldn’t worship the image of the beast to be killed.
16 He causes all, the small and the great, the rich and the poor, and the free and the slave, to be given marks on their right hands, or on their foreheads; 17 and that no one would be able to buy or to sell, unless he has that mark, the name of the beast or the number of his name. 18 Here is wisdom. He who has understanding, let him calculate the number of the beast, for it is the number of a man. His number is six hundred sixty-six.

Observations: 13:1-10 John sees the Beast come out of the sea (usual imagery for Gentiles) who is very similar to the dragon (12:3 -Satan) and Daniel's fourth and final beast the Anti-Christ (see comments on Daniel 7:19-25). John will revisit this character in chapter 17. He is ruler over Satan's world dominion, exercising his power through the ten leaders (horns) that many consider a revival of the Roman Empire. The Satanically energized Anti-Christ will receive what looks like a fatal wound, and experience what looks like a resurrection, which will cause all to worship him (and the Dragon who energizes him). As Daniel predicted, he will be given authority to make war against the saints for 42 months (three and a half years). The rest of Daniel's timetable was specifically and exactly fulfilled (once one understands the math; see comments on Daniel's seventieth week in Dan 9), so this looks like a literal period as well. There is no other explanation for the use of the specific numbers except to indicate the last half of the Tribulation. He speaks against God, His people, and His dwelling place (Jerusalem). All who dwell on the earth will worship the Beast except those whose names have been written in the Book of Life (register of the citizens who could vote or participate in the rulership of a city-state -cf Dan 12:1-2). Those who are faithful to the Lamb have their names in His book. The Lamb has been slain from the foundation of the world, meaning it was God's plan to have faithful believes rule with Christ in His kingdom, before creation. See comments on Ephesians 1 for God's master plan of glorifying Himself. Those who take the end of verse 8, “from the foundation of the world” which modifies the slaying of the Lamb, and move it to the middle of the sentence to modify the writing of the names, are totally deceived. They deliberate twist the text to present an idea that might be consistent with their faulty theology, but is at odds with all that we've seen in the Scriptures thus far (and we're almost at the end). Shame on you ESV. Anyone who has ears to hear will recognize verse 9 as a call to faithful and painful discipleship (cf. Lk 9:23). Verse 10 is a promise that God will execute justice.
13:11-15 John sees the third member of the unholy trinity, another beast arise from the earth (in contrast to the sea, possibly indicating a Jew). This is the False Prophet, who has two horns like a lamb, probably symbolic of a religious figure, and speaks lies like the Devil (that about settles it). He will exercise the Dragon's power which had been given to the first Beast (the Anti-Christ) to cause all who dwell on earth to worship the Anti-Christ. The signs and wonders will deceive even the remaining Jews to engage in idolatry. Satan can do miracles, and those who base their spiritual experience on signs, wonders, and miracles, will wind up worshiping demons. Only by knowing the truth of Revelation can one interpret spiritual experience correctly. No one knows that they are deceived (Duh!, that's the whole point of deception). Without the light of God's truth illuminating events and experiences, people stumble in the dark. It should be obvious that if someone's perceptual grid says that anything miraculous is from the Creator God, that exposure to miracles (real or feigned) will cause that person to worship the miraculous, thinking it is from God. It is more likely than not the false god of this world, or one of his demons, rather than the Creator God. Anyone who won't worship the Beast gets an expensive one-way ticket to martyrdom (it costs them their life, but it will be totally worth it).
13:16-18 The Dragon or Satan usurps the life giving role of God the Father, the Beast or Anti-Christ, usurps the Kingship of Christ the Messiah, and the False Prophet usurps the confirming and motivating role of the Holy Spirit. To ferret out those who won't worship the Beast and the Dragon through the false religious system of the False Prophet, the banking and commerce system is made to serve the terrible trio. Everyone is given the mark of the Beast on their right hand or forehead, so they can't buy or sell without it. Tribulation saints will have a difficult time keeping body and soul together. The name or number of the beast is 666, and John invites all math buffs to calculate. Bible numerologists say that six is the number of man, and seven is the divine number, so the unholy trinity will fall short of the holy Trinity. When I finish obeying Matthew 28:19-20 I'll dust off my calculator, but by that time the answer will be obvious, and I'll be having too much fun in heaven to do math.
Application: If you don't want to be deceived, you need to know the truth well enough to spot and avoid counterfeits, particularly the miraculous ones.
Prayer: God, I praise You for being all-wise and just; I will always trust that You know what You are doing, and will rejoice at any difficulty that comes into my life as a result of being faithful to You. Thanks that Your grace is always sufficient to do Your will. Amen.


Revelation 14 Blessed Saints and Bad News for the Other Guys
14:1 I saw, and behold, the Lamb standing on Mount Zion, and with him a number, one hundred forty-four thousand, having his name, and the name of his Father, written on their foreheads. 2 I heard a sound from heaven, like the sound of many waters, and like the sound of a great thunder. The sound which I heard was like that of harpists playing on their harps. 3 They sing a new song before the throne, and before the four living creatures and the elders. No one could learn the song except the one hundred forty-four thousand, those who had been redeemed out of the earth. 4 These are those who were not defiled with women, for they are virgins. These are those who follow the Lamb wherever he goes. These were redeemed by Jesus from among men, the first fruits to God and to the Lamb. 5 In their mouth was found no lie, for they are blameless.
6 I saw an angel flying in mid heaven, having the eternal/of the Age gospel to proclaim to those who dwell on the earth, and to every nation, tribe, language, and people. 7 He said with a loud voice, "Fear the Lord, and give him glory; for the hour of his judgment has come. Worship him who made the heaven, the earth, the sea, and the springs of waters!" 8 Another, a second angel, followed, saying, "Babylon the great has fallen, which has made all the nations to drink of the wine of the wrath of her sexual immorality." 9 Another angel, a third, followed them, saying with a great voice, "If anyone worships the beast and his image, and receives a mark on his forehead, or on his hand, 10 he also will drink of the wine of the wrath of God, which is prepared unmixed in the cup of his anger. He will be tormented with fire and sulphur in the presence of the holy angels, and in the presence of the Lamb. 11 The smoke of their torment goes up forever and ever. They have no rest day and night, those who worship the beast and his image, and whoever receives the mark of his name.
12 Here is the patience of the saints, those who keep the commandments of God, and the faith of Jesus." 13 I heard the voice from heaven saying, "Write, ‘Blessed are the dead who die in the Lord from now on.’" "Yes," says the Spirit, "that they may rest from their labors; for their works follow with them."
14 I looked, and behold, a white cloud; and on the cloud one sitting like a son of man, having on his head a golden crown, and in his hand a sharp sickle. 15 Another angel came out from the temple, crying with a loud voice to him who sat on the cloud, "Send forth your sickle, and reap; for the hour to reap has come; for the harvest of the earth is ripe!" 16 He who sat on the cloud thrust his sickle on the earth, and the earth was reaped. 17 Another angel came out from the temple which is in heaven. He also had a sharp sickle. 18 Another angel came out from the altar, he who has power over fire, and he called with a great voice to him who had the sharp sickle, saying, "Send forth your sharp sickle, and gather the clusters of the vine of the earth, for the earth’s grapes are fully ripe!" 19 The angel thrust his sickle into the earth, and gathered the vintage of the earth, and threw it into the great winepress of the wrath of God. 20 The winepress was trodden outside of the city, and blood came out from the winepress, even to the bridles of the horses, as far as one thousand six hundred stadia.

Observations: 14:1-5 It doesn't look like the world gets to be more and more Christian by the time Christ returns. With the wrath of the Lamb and the reign of the unholy trio, things are more like hell than heaven on earth. Believers will be persecuted and martyred to extinction if Satan has his way. So to provide hope and assurance to believers of all ages that persevering is worth it, particularly to those who become believers during the Tribulation, John is given a positive revelational interlude. He sees the Lamb standing on Mount Zion, from which He will execute His Millennial rule (which begins in chapter 19). With him are the 144.000 who have His mark or seal on their foreheads (from 7:3-8) rather than that of the Beast. They sing a new song before the throne, that only they can learn/express. In the Psalms a new song was sung to praise God for something He had uniquely done for the worshiper. These Tribulation saints from among the Jews had a unique role and ministry, in being the first-fruits to God. They were redeemed, and undefiled, and follow the Lamb. The “virginity” could be literal, or could refer to lack of participation in sensual pagan worship, or both. They were also blameless, and no falsehood was found on their lips.
14:6-11 A trio of angels announce the gospel of the age, from mid heaven, so everyone on earth can hear. Fearing God (being careful to do what is right in His sight), and giving Him glory (carrying out His will rather than any other, particularly our own, because He alone is worthy), is the wisest course of action in light of upcoming judgment. Fear can't be divorced from judgment, because justice is an essential part of God's character. Worship is a response to revelation (see comments on Genesis 22). The revelation of God's upcoming judgment should produce a response of being careful to do what is right in His sight. For those who fear God and give Him glory by their worshipful service, judgment is good news. A second angel announces the good news that Babylon the great is fallen. Chapters 16 and 17 will mention Babylon, but chapter 18 gives the more complete elaboration. Here the angel mentions that Babylon (either the literal city, or one that functions as Babylon did historically) has made the nations participate in her immorality (probably a reference to false worship), and thus they will share in the wrath of God's judgment. A third angel announces good news to the faithful and bad news to anyone who has received the mark of the Beast. The latter group will experience the fury and pain of God's judgment. The smoke of their “torment” will ascend forever and ever, (literally “to the ages of the ages”).
14:12-13 The recognition that those who oppress them will be overcome themselves, and the fate of those who succumb, give the saints the perseverance or endurance to keep the commands of God and their faith in Jesus, their Messiah. This is reinforced by a voice declaring the blessedness of those who die in union with the Lord. The Spirit also testifies that in contrast to those who worship the Beast, those faithful to Christ will rest from their labors, because their works will follow them in death, and result in reward (see Hebrews 4 comments on rest = inheritance/reward).
14:14-20 John sees Jesus, the Son of Man (Jesus' favorite title for Himself, the one to whom all authority was given -Dan 7:13-14), sitting on a cloud (Shekinah glory) with a sickle (Mk 4:29) to reap the production of the earth. It's possible the first reaping is of believers (Mt 3:12), since there is no mention of their fate, and the second of unbelievers (Mt 13:41), whose fate is death. The blood flowed over a distance of 200 miles, probably splashing up to the bridles of the horses (this vignette could be describing one of the earlier judgments -Rev 6 or 9).
Joel 3:13 “Put in the sickle, for the harvest is ripe. Come, go down; For the winepress is full, The vats overflow --- For their wickedness is great."
Application: Knowing that God's judgment is certain and fearsome, the wise person will live in light of that judgment for the glory of God. They will rest and rejoice, the others will whine.
Prayer: Lord God, may I live every day prepared to face Your judgment, and be found faithful. Amen.

Revelation 15 The Song of the Lamb
15:1 I saw another great and marvelous sign in the sky: seven angels having the seven last plagues, for in/by them God’s wrath is finished. 2 I saw something like a sea of glass mixed with fire, and those who overcame the beast, his image, and the number of his name, standing on the sea of glass, having harps of God. 3 They sang the song of Moses, the servant of God, and the song of the Lamb, saying, "Great and marvelous are your works, Lord God, the Almighty! Righteous and true are your ways, you King of the nations. 4 Who wouldn’t fear you, Lord, and glorify your name? For you only are holy. For all the nations will come and worship before you. For your righteous acts have been revealed."
5 After these things I looked, and the temple of the tabernacle of the testimony in heaven was opened. 6 The seven angels who had the seven plagues came out, clothed with pure, bright linen, and wearing golden sashes around their breasts. 7 One of the four living creatures gave to the seven angels seven golden bowls full of the wrath of God, who lives forever and ever. 8 The temple was filled with smoke from the glory of God, and from his power. No one was able to enter into the temple, until the seven plagues of the seven angels would be finished.

Observations: 15:1-4 John sees another sign, which serves as a prelude to the final judgments contained in the seventh trumpet, the seven bowl judgments. He sees the seven angels standing by, but also sees a sea of glass (cf 4:6) before the throne. Those who overcame the Beast are standing before the throne. They are the martyrs of the Tribulation. They sang the song of Moses and the song of the Lamb. The former is probably from Exodus 15, just after the God of the Israelites overcame the gods of the Egyptians in the Exodus. The latter isn't cited earlier in the Scriptures, but a lot of the phrases can be found in the Psalms and Prophets. God is praised for deeds and the character which gave rise to them. He alone is holy, who does what is righteous. He is the King of the Nations, and therefore all will worship Him. The correct response to this revelation of Himself is to fear Him and glorify His name (14:7).
15:5-8 John sees the temple of the testimony/covenant opened and the seven angels standing ready. The temple contained the covenant or law of God which the earth had ignored, and now payback was coming. One of the four living creatures gives each angel a golden bowl/vial containing a full measure of the wrath of the God who lives/reigns forever. The plagues (described in the next chapter are similar, but not identical to those poured out on Egypt). The temple was filled with the smoke from the glory of God, and no one can enter the temple (for intercession) until the judgments were finished, indicating the certainty of the judgment. In the OT God would relent when people repented. The time for repenting was past (9:20-21; 16:9-11) and now only judgment remained for those who continued to rebel against God.
Application: God is holy and righteous in all He does; if we experience His discipline, it is because we chose it, but ignoring His warnings and calls to repentance.
Prayer: God, You are holy, righteous and just in all You do; help me be sensitive to what You want me to do, so I reap Your blessings rather than judgment. Amen.


Digging Deeper

God in a nutshell: God has purposed to bless those who are loyal to Him, and judge those who reject Him. The choice of consequence is ours. His sovereignty is demonstrated in attaching consequences to our actions, and giving us the freedom to choose. God is holy, righteous and just in all His ways, and will be worshiped by all the earth eventually.

Build-a-Jesus: Jesus redeems men from the earth and reaps the harvest of those who trust Him. He is the Son of Man to whom all authority is given, and He exercises it to the glory of God.

Us in a nutshell: Fearing God (being careful to do what is right in His sight) and seeking to glorify His name (by doing His will above anything else) are good ways to demonstrate our loyalty and faithfulness to Him. Those who suffer for Him, will be glad they did. Those who don't fear and glorify Him will suffer.

Where to Go for More:
Truthbase.net

1 Peter 3-5 Passport to Glory

TMS 2 Corinthians 4:5 Talking About Jesus
2 Cor 4:4 “the god of this age has blinded the minds of the unbelieving, lest the light of the gospel of the glory of Christ, Who is the image of God, should shine on them.

5 For we do not preach ourselves,
but Christ Jesus the Lord,
and ourselves your bondservants
for Jesus' sake.

6 For it is the God who commanded light to shine out of darkness, who has shone in our hearts to give the light of the knowledge of the glory of God in the face of Jesus Christ.

Observations: 4:5 We should serve the needs of others for the sake of Jesus. We should talk about Him, rather than ourselves, except to authenticate the message. If we call Him our Lord, then we should live like His servants, and serve others in His name. The surrounding context (see post on 2Cor 4-5 details the motivation for such self-denying behavior, namely the reception of the glory of God.
Application: When we talk about our Lord, we should live like His servants.
Prayer: Lord Jesus, may I serve and love others as You have loved and served me, so I may be effective in sharing Your truth with them. Amen.


1 Peter 3-5 There is a lot to digest and apply in these chapters for those who seek to be recipients of the glory of God. From submissive and humble relationships to suffering and spiritual warfare, there are many ways we can be tripped up on our path to glory. Peter gives some commands and instruction to help us get to where God wants us to be. For those of you who want to take your Bible Study skills to the level of being able to trace an author's argument through a book, there are some 10MinuteBible.com YouTubes on these chapters. I started using video to answer questions I would get from folks in our church who were doing exegetical Bible Study, beginning with chapter 3 of 1 Peter, so that one starts out fairly slowly. You might want to view the video Fun with Dick and Jane first to understand the method. The videos contain information not in the post, and one which traces the argument through the first half of the book to understand the Noah and baptism section in 3:20-21. Whatever you do, don't skimp on mastering 1Peter; it is both a intensely practical book, and immensely important theologically. It is your passport to glory.


1 Peter 3 Sanctification for Glorification
3:1 In the same way, wives, be in subjection to your own husbands; so that, even if any don’t obey the Word, they may be won by the behavior of their wives without a word; 2 seeing your pure behavior in fear/reverence. 3 Let your beauty be not just the outward adorning of braiding the hair, and of wearing jewels of gold, or of putting on fine clothing; 4 but in the hidden person of the heart, in the incorruptible adornment of a gentle and quiet spirit, which is in the sight of God very precious. 5 For this is how the holy women before, who hoped in God also adorned themselves, being in subjection to their own husbands: 6 as Sarah obeyed Abraham, calling him lord, whose children you now are, if you do well, and are not put in fear by any terror. 7 You husbands, in the same way, live with your wives according to knowledge, giving honor to the woman, as to the weaker vessel, as being also joint heirs of the grace of life; that your prayers may not be hindered.

8 Finally, be all like-minded, compassionate, loving as brothers, tenderhearted, courteous, 9 not rendering evil for evil, or insult for insult; but instead blessing; knowing that to this were you called, that you may inherit a blessing. 10 For, "He who would love life, and see good days, let him keep his tongue from evil, and his lips from speaking deceit. 11 Let him turn away from evil, and do good. Let him seek peace, and pursue it. 12 For the eyes of the Lord are on the righteous, and his ears open to their prayer; but the face of the Lord is against those who do evil."
13 Now who is he who will harm you, if you become imitators of that which is good? 14 But even if you should suffer for righteousnesssake, you are blessed. "Don’t fear what they fear, neither be troubled." 15 But sanctify the Lord God in your hearts; and always be ready to give an answer to everyone who asks you a reason concerning the hope that is in you, with humility and fear/respect: 16 having/holding a good conscience; that, while you are spoken against as evildoers, they may be disappointed who curse your good way of life in Christ. 17 For it is better, if it is God’s will, that you suffer for doing good than for doing evil.

18 Because Christ also suffered for sins once, the righteous for the unrighteous, that he might bring you to God; being put to death in the flesh, but made alive in the spirit; 19 in which he also went and preached to the spirits in prison, 20 who before were disobedient, when God waited patiently in the days of Noah, while the ark was being built. In it, few, that is, eight souls, were saved through/by (dia) water.
21 This is a symbol of baptism, which now saves you—not the putting away of the filth of the flesh, but the pledge/inquiry of a good conscience toward God, through the resurrection of Jesus Christ, 22 who is at the right hand of God, having gone into heaven, angels and authorities and powers being made subject to him.

Observations: 3:1-7 With the same trust in the God who judges righteously and rewards those who suffer for doing good, a wife should submit to (line up under the God-given authority of) her husband. Even if the guy is a spiritual dolt stumbling in darkness, he can be won to the light by the radiant behavior of his wife, without a nag, whine, or word. The word for “fear” is the same as that in 1:17; 2:18; 3:14, and 15, and is probably a reference to fear of God, rather than of man (which yields the respect translation). A wise woman would not find herself in the situation, of having to win her husband to obedience, being careful to seek God's will in a mate, and only developing a relationship with someone they would be willing to follow (see Prince Charming on truthbase.net). A woman's adornment should not be merely (appropriately added by translators) external, but priority should be given to the inner radiance which outshines any perishable externals, and is also very attractive to God (and godly guys). This is how holy women adorned themselves, with a gentle/meek and tranquil/peaceable spirit vis-a-vis their husbands. The model is Sarah submitting to Abraham, probably in Genesis 20 where she put herself in danger to protect Abraham, carrying out his plan to say she was his sister, a half-truth (although the only time she specifically called him “lord” was Gen 18:12). NT believing women are her “children,” sharing in her blessings, by following her example, doing what is good, and not fearing the consequences, since God will take care of them.
Husbands are not the “lords of their castle,” since only Jesus is Lord, but the husband has the responsibility to take the lead in following the Lord. In a similar way, doing what is good, and trusting that God is watching, husbands need to live with their wives in an understanding manner, giving honor to them as the “weaker” (without power) vessel. This is not a reference to physical or emotional strength, but in the context to the “subordinate” position God has assigned to the wife. Therefore the husband must “honor” her by seeking her input and preferences, and then do what is in her best interest (regardless of whether he or she likes it). Paul expressed this as husbands loving their wife as Christ loved the church and sacrificed Himself for her highest benefit (see Eph 5:25 comments and the Family Life Resources on Truthbase.net). God might assign a temporary functionality that is subordinate (see Submission: The S-word if you haven't already done so), but He gives an eternal status that is total equality, joint heirs/inheritors of the grace of life/dominion (which Peter told them to fix their hope on in 1:13). If a husband fails to heed God's command to give honor to his wife, his prayers will be hindered (literally “cut off” as in having one's heavenly hotline disconnected).
3:8-12 All believers should live in a harmonious manner with each other in the fear of God (Eph 5:21) knowing that they were called to inherit a blessing, and bad behavior forfeits one's blessing. Peter quotes Psalm 34:12-16 to make the point that blessing (life, glory, dominion) requires being blessable, in behavior and speech, because the Lord listens to the righteous (those who are careful to do what's right in His sight), and opposes those who do what displeases Him. People who are ignorant of this reality don't have vibrant prayer lives.
3:13-17 If we are doing what is good, we shouldn't be harmed, but sometimes we do have to suffer for doing what is right. In such cases of smart suffering (persecution, martyrdom, and the general opposition one experiences swimming upstream against the world and carnal Christians), God promises to make it up to us with blessing (Matt 5:10-12; Heb 11). Therefore, we need not fear, nor be troubled, but we need to set apart (sanctify) the Lord as God in our hearts (where we make our decisions, His will rules), and be always ready to make a defense/answer (apologia) for the hope that is in us. This is not about making the case for the existence of God, necessity and reliability of Scriptures, etc., (although you should be able to do that, if not see the 7QUESTIONS in the Sidebar), but the apologia is for the hope of blessing/reward that is in us, which motivates us to endure suffering for doing good. Chapter 1 is a good place to start your “defense.” Our response should be in humility and fear of God (or respect towards the questioner, both are good ideas). Peter elaborates that we must hold on to a good conscience (sensitive and obedient to God's will) so that if accused, the accusation will be unjust and undeserved, which paves the way for blessing and witness. It just could be God's will that we suffer for doing good (like Jesus did), which is far better than suffering for doing what is evil. Note that these are instructions to born-again believers.
3:18-22 The reason it is better to suffer for doing good is because it not only follows the example of Christ, but results in blessing in the presence of God. Verse 18 is a great verse to memorize and use in sharing the Bridge to Life Illustration. Christ was totally righteous and suffered once (on the cross) for our sins so that He might bring us into a relationship with God. He was put to death in the realm of the flesh, and made alive in the realm of the spirit. Note the parallelism. There are a couple of 10MinuteBible.com videos (part 1) on YouTube that explain the context and passage in more depth than I'll do in this post, so click on them (part 2) for more. (There are also sermons on 1Peter on Truthbase.net.) In the realm of the spirit, Christ preached through Noah to those who were disobedient in his day (Noah, the preacher of righteousness -2Pt 2:2) Peter singles out those of Noah's day, because he wants to use the audience and ark illustration for the present day. Those persecuting the NT believers were those to whom Christ had preached directly and through John and the apostles but they rejected the message. So He is patiently waiting until the day of judgment, when believers will reap the final aspect of their salvation, and those who reject God will be negatively judged. The ark might correspond to the church (1Pt 2:5-6). Noah and his family were saved through or by the judgment of water, which destroyed the evildoers around them. The preposition dia denotes the channel or means by which an action occurs. The salvation was accomplished by means of the water (not the ark). If Peter wanted to say the ark saved them from the water, he would have used ek or apo. The righteous NT believer would be saved from their corrupt generation, just like Noah was from his, by the water. So much for the audience allusion.
Next Peter says that baptism is an anti-type (antitupos), something that corresponds to an image or type in the OT (only other use of the word is Heb 9:24 to refer to the OT sacrificial system). Corresponding to the water that saved Noah from his generation, baptism saves us from our generation. It is not getting wet (which means it is not referring to the immersion or sprinkling of water that gets the external dirt off us, but the “pledge” or seeking (the word means to make an inquiry rather than “answer”) of a good conscience toward God, based upon the resurrection of Christ. Keeping in mind the context of the book (always a good thing to do) believers who have their hope fixed upon their reward, which they gain by faithful behavior and forfeit by bad behavior, pledge or seek a good conscience which results in God rewarding them, as He did Jesus (Phil 2:9-12). To live holy lives, one must distance themselves from their pre-Christian behavior and those who live just for this world (the generation of the Christ-rejecting Jews who were persecuting them). The way to do that in the early church was baptism, the first step of discipleship for those who were born-again by faith in Christ's death for them. Paul elaborated on the picture in Romans 6, that one died to the old way of life, when they were buried with Christ in baptism, and then rose up from the water to walk in newness of life. Peter is clearly writing to born-again believers (1:3), instructing them that they need to live righteously if they want to reap the reward God has planned for them. That will involve suffering for doing what is good, which requires a death to self so one can live for God. Baptism is a picture of that, not the getting wet, but the seeking of the heart which motivates the obedience in getting wet. When believers were baptized, the persecution normally intensified. But the holy living would result in their salvation/glorification. The opening verses of the next chapter should validate this interpretation if you're not already convinced.
Application: Die to your old values, and pledge to live for what God values, particularly in your relationships with those around you.
Prayer: Lord Jesus, Amen.


1 Peter 4 Mental Armor and Obedient Behavior
4:1 Forasmuch then as Christ suffered for us in the flesh, arm yourselves also with the same mind; for he who has suffered in the flesh has ceased from sin; 2 that you no longer should live the rest of your time in the flesh for the lusts/cravings of men, but for the will/desire of God. 3 For we have spent enough of our past time doing the desire/will of the Gentiles, and having walked in lewdness, lusts, drunken binges, orgies, carousings, and abominable idolatries.
4 They think it is strange that you don’t run with them into the same excess of riot, blaspheming: 5 who will give account to him who is ready to judge the living and the dead. 6 For to this end the Good News was preached even to the dead, that though they might be judged according to men in the flesh, but they might live according to God in the spirit.
7 But the end of all things is near. Therefore be of sound mind, and watchful for the purpose of (eis) prayer. 8 And above all things be earnest in your love among yourselves, for love covers a multitude of sins. 9 Be hospitable to one another without grumbling. 10 As each has received a gracething, employ it in serving one another, as good stewards of the grace of God in its various forms. 11 If anyone speaks, let it be as it were the very words of God. If anyone serves, let it be as of the strength which God supplies, that in all things God may be glorified through Jesus Christ, to whom belong the glory and the dominion forever and ever. Amen.
12 Beloved, don’t be astonished at the fiery trial which has come upon you, to test you, as though a strange thing happened to you. 13 But because you are partakers of Christ’s sufferings, rejoice; that at the revelation of his glory you also may rejoice with exceeding joy. 14 If you are insulted for the name of Christ, you are blessed; because the Spirit of glory and of God rests on you. On their part he is blasphemed, but on your part he is glorified. 15 For let none of you suffer as a murderer, or a thief, or an evil doer, or a meddler in other men’s matters. 16 But if one of you suffers for being a Christian, let him not be ashamed; but let him glorify God in this matter. 17 For the time has come for judgment to begin with the household of God. If it begins first with us, what will happen to those who don’t obey the Good News of God? 18 "If it is hard for the righteous to be saved, what will happen to the ungodly and the sinner?" 19 Therefore let them also who suffer according to the will of God in doing good entrust their souls to him, as to a faithful Creator.

Observations: 4:1-3 Since Christ suffered in the flesh in order to receive glorification by the Father (exalted to the right hand, ready to rule the future Kingdom), those who follow Him should arm themselves with the same mindset. Those who have died to their old values, and suffered in the pursuit of glory, have ceased (perfect tense, action completed in the past with ongoing results into the present) from sin. Mental armor is necessary since the battle is won or lost in our thinking. Peter tells his readers that they've had enough time to do what those who don't know God do, and realize it's not worth it. Some people are slow learners. It took Solomon a while to figure out that there was nothing under the sun that gave lasting pleasure apart from God (Ecclesiastes), but then he forgot his own advice. We need to keep this truth central in our thinking.
4:4-6 The former companions of the believers think it strange that those who learned to delight in God aren't as attracted to playing in the mud, and speak against them. But all will have to give account to God, who will judge (1:17) the living and the dead. The edited translation above is more in line with the Greek and context than most you'll find. In preparation, the Good News of the coming Kingdom was preached to all, including those who are now dead (possibly as a result of persecution) so that (purpose statement), even though they might or may be judged (subjunctive mood is that of uncertainty) on the one hand (a Greek particle, Strong's #3303 omitted by most translations) according to the standards of men in the realm of the flesh (by being martyred), they might live according to God's standards in the realm of the spirit (by believing the good news about the Kingdom). Note that “judged” is parallel to “live,” and the additional parallelism of “according to” and “in” is taken into account; as well as the immediate context of the Good News being proclaimed to them, the further context of living, and holy life, and the book context of gaining glory. It would be difficult to find another interpretation that takes the argument, grammar, syntax, and contexts into account.
4:7-11 The culmination of all things is near (which is how every generation should view things so as not to get complacent), therefore believers need to govern their life and actions by the objective of doing well at the judgment seat (be sound-minded), and have an accurate view of reality (sober) so they can pray appropriately and not just dribble meaningless words. Particularly believers need to be obeying the command to love each other, for such a love corrects and covers/hides (as in prevents) a multitude of sins (Js 5:20). Greater love has no one than this, that they risk rejection and ridicule and a diminished relationship by reproving (bringing to light) the flaws of a self-deceived believer. Hell knows no fury like a hypocrite exposed. Believers should use whatever gracething (charisma) they have for the benefit of their fellow believers, so that God is glorified. That means being a good steward of God's grace and using whatever the Spirit has given (see 1Cor 12) to accomplish His purposes in building up others, be it speaking God's words, or serving with the strength God supplies.
4:12-19 Recalling the opening theme of their faith being refined by trials so they will gain greater reward (1:7), Peter reminds them that suffering frequently is the will of God for those who follow Christ to glory. But it is worth it, for to the degree they suffer, they will share in the glory. This is clearly teaching differential rewards for different levels of service (1Cor 15). Those who aren't suffering outward trials can join in the fun by daily denying themselves for the benefit of others. There's plenty of abuse to go around for those who seek to spur others on to Christlikeness. If one is insulted for the name of Christ, they are actually blessed, because the Spirit of Glory (note the name) rests upon them. The Holy Spirit is the first installment of our inheritance (Eph 1:13) which implies that future payments will be additional bestowals of the Spirit, to do God's will in the Millennium and beyond. The glory or power or energy of God is the only imperishable thing in the universe given to us. Note too, that the Spirit rests upon and remains with the faithful believer. The unfaithful and unbelieving will always speak against those serving God because faithful servants make the unprofitable servants feel guilty, and blame is a good way to balance out the guilt (repentance would be a better way). But on the part of the faithful, God is glorified, because when He pours out His glory as a reward, He is displaying it, which is what God being glorified is all about (He is inherently glorious). So if a believer is going to suffer, they should do so smartly or meritoriously, not stupidly or deservedly. The reason is because the time is coming for judgment to begin with the household of God, those who are His servants in His household. If the good guys are judged, what will be the outcome for those who don't obey (not don't believe) the gospel? The Good News is that Christ is coming to judge and reward His faithful followers (Isa 40:10). Believing that Jesus is the Messiah is one thing. Obeying Him is another. It is hard for the righteous to be saved/glorified, because it requires sacrifice and self-denial (see the Sermon on the Mount Mt 5-7). This salvation of which Peter speaks, is of works, hard work. Those who take the broad and easy road cannot look forward to glory, but to unpleasantness. The ungodly and sinner are those among the believers who don't know and do what God wants, but instead do their own thing. To fail to see this is to fail to receive one's eternal reward. Those who can't see that this passage is intended to motivate believers to obedience are demonically deceived and in all probability living in disobedience. But those who live in obedience, and suffer according to the will of God, should continue to do good, and commit their souls/interests to their faithful Creator, who created them in Christ Jesus for this purpose.
Application: One needs the same mental armor that helped Christ live sound-mindedly (knowing God would justly reward) to keep on the path of obedient suffering which is the only route to glory.
Prayer: Lord, may I be strong and focused on doing Your will, and not my own, on my way to happily ever after. Amen.


1 Peter 5 Glory for the Vigilant and Humble
5:1 I exhort the elders among you, as a fellow elder, and a witness of the sufferings of Christ, and who will also share in the glory that will be revealed. 2 Shepherd/pastor the flock of God which is among you, exercising the oversight, not under compulsion, but voluntarily, not for dishonest gain, but willingly; 3 neither as lording it over those entrusted to you, but making yourselves examples to the flock. 4 When the chief Shepherd is revealed, you will receive the crown of glory that doesn’t fade away.
5 Likewise, you younger ones, be subject to the elders. Yes, all of you clothe yourselves with humility, to subject yourselves to one another; for "God resists the proud, but gives grace to the humble." 6 Humble yourselves therefore under the mighty hand of God, that he may exalt you in due time; 7 casting all your worries on him, because he cares for you.
8 Be sober and vigilant/self-controlled because your adversary, the devil, walks around like a roaring lion, seeking whom he may devour. 9 Withstand him steadfast in your faith, knowing that your brothers who are in the world are undergoing the same sufferings.
10 But may the God of all grace, who called you to his eternal glory by Christ Jesus, after you have suffered a little while, perfect, establish, strengthen, and settle you. 11 To him be the glory and the power forever and ever. Amen.
12 Through Silvanus, our faithful brother, as I consider him, I have written to you briefly, exhorting, and testifying that this is the true grace of God; stand fast in it. 13 She who is in Babylon, chosen together with you, greets you; and so does Mark, my son. 14 Greet one another with a kiss of love. Peace be to you all who are in Christ Jesus. Amen.

Observations: 5:1-4 Peter addresses the elders (who, as leaders, were singled out for grief by the external opponents and internal rebels), exhorting them as a fellow-elder (not pope). He saw the sufferings of Christ, and knows that he will share in the glories that follow (1:11) because he has been faithful (following his own advice). Peter tells the elders, to shepherd and oversee the flock, the same two tasks Paul entrusted to the elders in Acts 20:28 (see comments there, and in Ephesians 4). To shepherd is the word for pastor, and to oversee is the word for bishop. Both tasks are entrusted to elders (plural). There is not a separate “office” for each. He doesn't give the qualifications for elders that Paul gave Timothy and Titus for the Greek churches, since Peter is writing to a Jewish audience that had an elder leadership structure in both the villages and synagogues. Governance was carried out by the mature, who served and shepherded those under their care. When the chief Shepherd (this is the only legitimate occurrence of ”Senior Pastor”) is revealed with His glory -1:7 He will share it with those who have obediently done His will. He might not feel as gracious toward those who have used the flock as a source of worth and value (ego and monetary) nor those who've usurped His title when He's been away. The glory is described as a crown (rulership) that doesn't fade like earthly crowns of leaves.
5:5-7 The younger folks are commanded to be subject (imperative) to the elders and submissively (participle) be humble (imperative) to each other (cf Eph 5:21). The reason is because God resists the proud, but gives grace to the humble. James quoted Proverbs 3:34 to his readers (4:6) with an emphasis on the temporal grace, but Peter stresses the future grace/glory that God gives the humble obedient.
Proverbs 3:32 "For the perverse person is an abomination to the LORD, But His secret counsel is with the upright. 33 The curse of the LORD is on the house of the wicked, But He blesses the home of the just. 34 Surely He scorns the scornful, But gives grace to the humble. 35 The wise shall inherit glory, But shame shall be the legacy of fools."
One humbles themselves by yielding their will for the benefit of another, rather than proudly questing for temporal worth and value. God will exalt the humble in due time, but in the meantime, they can cast the cares and concerns for the current and future well-being upon God (as Jesus did), because He cares for them.
5:8-11 Like James, Peter links pride with waving a red flag in front of the devil. If a lack of humble trust in God's goodness could trip up the highest created being, then we mere mortals are even more susceptible. (The same warning applies to the desires of the flesh from the life of world's wisest man, Solomon, in 1 Kings 10-11). Therefore believers need to be on their guard against the devil, having an accurate view of reality (a drunk person doesn't see clearly, nor accurately assess risks and rewards). Our adversary, the devil is described as a roaring lion, who roams about, seeking to devour the proud and disobedient. He also surreptitiously takes believers captive to do his will (2 Timothy 2:26) and inveigles false teachers into the church (Acts 20:29-30). Satan was defeated at the Cross, but is a lame duck ruler until the Messiah comes back, imprisons and finally destroys Him (Revelation 20:1-3). See Spiritual Warfare: Defense Against the Dark Arts on Truthbase.net for resources, so you don't become a statistic. Peter gives another piece of mental armor in addition to those in verse 8. Believers should resist him, firm in their faith (1 John 4:4), knowing that suffering isn't something strange and alien to the Christ-following life, but rather the common experience of those who please God.
However, the suffering is temporary, and after what will seem like a very short time from the perspective of eternity (although suffering can seem to go on forever), the God of all grace/glory, who has called/invited them to the glory of the Messianic Age (same word as eternal) will perfect (bring to completion as in glorify them), establish, strengthen,and establish them (most likely a reference to their placement in the Millennial kingdom based upon the order and introduction to the prayer/benediction).
5:12-14 Peter writes through Silvanus, testifying that the glory believers will receive is the “true grace” of God. Then he commands them to stand fast in it (imperative according to the oldest manuscripts but distorted by many translations). Peter is not telling them the glory of God is something they all automatically have, but rather something they need to take their stand in by obeying his instructions in the epistle. Most people who bandy about the term “grace” haven't a clue about the true grace Peter described in this epistle, and will most likely miss it. See a Survey of Grace on Truthbase.net for the whole picture. Commentators are divided regarding the identity of “she who is in Babylon, some arguing for the literal city on the Euphrates, others seeing a veiled reference to his location at Rome. John Mark, Barnabas' cousin is considered to have written the second gospel under Peter's direction. Paul normally ended with an exhortation to a holy kiss to express affection among believers; Peter uses the term agape kiss, underscoring the self-sacrificial behavior they should have toward each other rather than superficial relationships. He concludes with a wish for the covenantal blessing of peace for all those who are in union with Christ Jesus.
Application: Believers who live in humble unity and obedience will experience Satanic opposition, but eventually reach their final destination as glorified servants in the Messiah's Kingdom.
Prayer: God, thanks that You care for me, and I can entrust all my concerns to You; may I be vigilant and victorious in my faith until I realize my hope of Your glory. Amen.


Digging Deeper

God in a nutshell: God will judge both the living and the dead, to reward those who are faithful to Him. In this judgment, the righteous are saved/glorified with difficulty, the outcome for those who don't obey the good news isn't positive. God resists the proud and gives grace and glory to the humble.

Build-a-Jesus: Jesus suffered to bring us into a relationship with God, so we could be blessed. He is coming back to reward those loyal to Him.

Us in a nutshell: We are invited/called to inherit a blessing, but will only receive it if we are worthy of it, by demonstrating Christ-like behavior. Submissive suffering for the sake of Christ and righteousness is meritorious, and results in Millennial glory. Believers need to draw upon the strength God provides to do His will, and lovingly serve each other. Those who don't will miss out.

Where to Go for More:
Truthbase.net

Titus 1-3 The Truthful Do Good

TMS Psalm 119:9,11 The Key To Godliness
Ps 119:9,11 “9 How can a young man cleanse his way?
By taking heed according to Your word.

10 With my whole heart I have sought You;
Oh, let me not wander from Your commandments!

11 Your word I have hidden in my heart,
That I might not sin against You.

Observations: 119:9,11 Those who embrace “worm theology” (oh I'm such a worthless sinner, praise God for saving me) and remain creepy crawly caterpillars rather than metamorphing into butterfly believers (Rm 12:1-2) should memorize all three of the these verses. Even though verse 10 is not included in the TMS, it is key to the victorious life of a godly believer. Paying attention to (obeying) God's word cleanses/purifies one's way (1Pt 1:22). Hiding God's word in your heart (through memorization) is parallel to the New Covenant blessing of having the Holy Spirit write the law in your heart where your value system and decision-making process reside. But not all those who seek to obey and memorize live in victory. That's because wholeheartedly seeking God (like Caleb did) keeps one from wandering off the path of light into darkness. See observations under Psalm 119 for context and additional help.

Application: Start by studying memorizing key passages of God's word (like the TMS or 7PASSAGES); think though implications for applications; and then do them (obey), wholeheartedly. When tempted to wander, get help/accountability and redouble your efforts.

Prayer: Heavenly Father, I know You require me to be holy as You are holy to experience Your blessings and glory now, and in the future; please guide me in saturating my life with your truth so I don't sin in following lies. Thanks. Amen.


Titus 1-3 This third Pastoral epistle covers many of the themes written in the two to Timothy, but with an emphasis on being sound-minded (having one's passions governed by objectives), so that believers can do good works, and gain glory when Christ returns. The consequence is receiving the blessed hope of the believer, sharing the glory of Christ in the Millennial Kingdom. Some see 2:11-14 as the chiastic center of the book, bracketed by instructions, bad behavior, and then good behavior; such an arrangement is plausible. The chart is one from the first survey course I did (where the titles spelled an acrostic outline of the book). One of these days I'll resurrect them and incorporate them into DTB. The emphasis on being godly, sound-minded, and doing good works should be obvious, as should the implementation in our lives.




Titus 1 Godly Elders and Evil Lazy-bellies
1:1 Paul, a servant of God, and an apostle of Jesus Christ, with a view to the faith of God’s chosen ones/elect, and their experiential knowledge of the truth which leads to godliness (NIV), 2 based upon hope of eternal life, which God, who can’t lie, promised before time began; 3 but in his own time revealed his word in the message with which I was entrusted according to the commandment of God our Savior; 4 to Titus, my true son according to a common faith: Grace, mercy, and peace from God the Father and the Lord Jesus Christ our Savior.
5 I left you in Crete for this reason, that you would set in order the things that were lacking, and appoint elders in every city, as I directed you;
6 if anyone is blameless, the husband of one wife, having faithful children, who are not accused of wild or unruly behavior. 7 For the overseer must be blameless, as God’s steward; not self-pleasing, not easily angered, not given to wine, not violent, not greedy for dishonest gain; 8 but given to hospitality, a lover of good, sound-minded, fair, holy, self-controlled; 9 holding to the faithful word which is according to the teaching, that he may be able to exhort in the sound teaching/doctrine, and to convict those who contradict him.
10 For there are also many unruly men, vain talkers and deceivers, especially those of the circumcision, 11 whose mouths must be stopped; men who overthrow whole houses, teaching things which they ought not, for dishonest gain’s sake. 12 One of them, a prophet of their own, said, "Cretans are always liars, evil beasts, and idle gluttons." 13 This testimony is true. For this cause, reprove them sharply, that they may be sound in the faith, 14 not paying attention to Jewish fables and commandments of men who turn away from the truth. 15 To the pure, all things are pure; but to those who are defiled and unbelieving/unfaithful, nothing is pure; but both their mind and their conscience are defiled. 16 They profess that they know God, but by their works they deny him, being abominable, disobedient, and unfit for any good work.

Observations: 1:1-4 In an introduction similar to that which he wrote to Timothy (see comments there), Paul elaborates upon why he is an apostle. God commissioned him with a view to (a classical idiom for kata -RWP OLB) to bring about and further the faith of God's chosen group (by his proclamation to the Gentiles), and to teach the truth (1Tim 2:7; 2Tim 1:11) that leads to or is in accord with godliness. Godliness was a word used of pagan priests who knew and did what the gods required; it is parallel to OT righteousness, being careful to know and do all that God desires. Godliness only comes about when people embrace and experience the truth to the extent that it characterizes them. The difference between knowledge (gnosis), experiential knowledge (epignosis) and godliness can be illustrated with the following. I live in NYC and many people have never learned how to ride a bicycle. I'll ask in a class if there is anyone who doesn't know how to ride a bicycle. A few hands usually go up, and then I ask them where a person sits, where they put their hands, how to steer, how to make the bicycle move, and always get correct answers. They do know how to ride a bicycle, but they've never actually experienced it. That's the difference between the head knowledge many Christians have about their faith, and the experiential knowledge God requires for godliness. I have a friend who was really into riding his bike, to the extent that he'd shave his legs to “cut down on the wind drag” when he rode competitively. He had so much experiential knowledge and miles or riding, that he would be characterized as a biker (the shoes, spandex, gloves, and helmet didn't hurt the image either). As followers of Christ, we need to be so characterized by our application of truth, that we would be called godly. This kind of commitment to knowing and doing what pleases God is rare, because it needs a motivation that most people don't have, so as a result they are more motivated by what the world offers, than what God offers.
The godly motivation is in verse 2. Godliness according to Paul (and the Holy Spirit) is based upon the hope of eternal life. This is not hope of forgiveness/justification, for that is a present possession received by faith. One doesn't hope for what they already have. The hope is of dominion or rulership in the Age to come, the Messianic Age. “Eternal” was used of all classical authors of a fixed period of time, or an age. Only Plato used it of both a fixed and sometimes an indeterminate period (Kittle -TDNTT). See Survey of Rewards on Truthbase.net for the documentation. Most occurrences of aion in the NT are clearly referring to the Messianic Age. The idiom “forever and ever” is literally “to the Age(s) of the Ages.
This hope, or expectation of reward, is based upon the promises of God in the OT (e.g., Isaiah 40-66), as Paul proclaimed in the good news. All the “greats” of the faith were motivated by the expectation of reward: Abraham, Moses, David, Jesus, Paul, etc. See Hebrews 11, where all are being commended for believing that God rewards those who diligently seek Him. See Some Rewarding Verses for Contemplation for a short list, and the abovementioned Survey of Rewards for my class notes on the topic.
This dual purpose of Paul of developing faith and godliness so folks could be rewarded is entirely consistent with Christ's commission of him.
Acts 26:15 “So I said, 'Who are You, Lord?' And He said, 'I am Jesus, whom you are persecuting. 16 But rise and stand on your feet; for I have appeared to you for this purpose, to make you a minister and a witness both of the things which you have seen and of the things which I will yet reveal to you. 17 I will deliver you from the Jewish people, as well as from the Gentiles, to whom I now send you, 18 to open their eyes, in order to turn them from darkness to light, and from the power of Satan to God, that they may receive forgiveness of sins and an inheritance among those who are sanctified by faith in Me.'”
1:5-9 Paul spells out the reason he left Titus in Crete, to set things in order in the churches, and appoint elders in every city. Apostolic sanction was necessary for the infant church, and then the Body would be able to recognize and acknowledge those believers whom the Holy Spirit had matured. In Acts 20:28 he tells the elders Timothy had appointed that the Holy Spirit had made them overseers and shepherds. See comments on 1Timothy 3 for more about the receptivity to the Holy Spirit required for both maturity and caring for God's flock. The rest of the chapter outlines characteristics of good guys, and the bad guys whom the elders were to confront and convict.
See the list under Digging Deeper for an elaboration of the Marks of Maturity/Godliness, which are applicable to all believers who base their lives on the hope of eternal life. Note that Paul tells him to appoint elders (1:5), and then talks about overseers/bishops (1:7). See Acts 20:17, 28 and 1Peter 5:1-2 for the same equation. As in 1Timothy 3 the home life is reflective of the spiritual life, and the children are reflective of the parents. The elder must have passed on not just the faith, but faithfulness to his offspring. Just like an overseer had to be blameless (unindictable), the children could not be open to the charge of being wild (literally “not savers”), nor unruly (“not submissive”). Through his example and instruction, the father must have taught his kids to not spend all they have, developing in them self-control of desires, and delayed gratification. The key to submission is highlighting and hindering rebellion, while not being a corrupt authority which incites rebellion. These should be the goals of all parents. See the Parenting Resources on Truthbase.net for help in raising the next generation of godly leaders.
The key characteristic mentioned for all the groups in chapter 2, and absent from the lazy gluttons in the end of this chapter, and something the grace of God should teach (2:12) is being sound-minded, sometimes translated self-controlled, which is better than the KJV sober (which leads some to conclude that the chief virtue of the Christian life is not getting drunk), but still is an inadequate translation. The Greek ideal of virtue or excellence (arete) was achieved by being sound-minded, having one's passions governed by objectives (the rational/spiritual realm), rather than passions, instincts and appetites (the irrational/physical realm). A sound-minded person doesn't do what they desire, they do what God desires, knowing that pleasing Him is in their greater self-interest.
1:10-16 In addition to characteristics that enabled them to develop a consensus on the Lord's will for His Body (communicated through the objective and subjective revelation of the Holy Spirit), elders needed to know and embody the truth so they could teach it and refute those who opposed it. There were (and still are) many who do the devil's work in opposing God's truth and will. Paul describes them as unruly (same word used in verse 6 of the unsubmitted), profitless (vain) talkers, and deceivers of others with Satan's lies, particularly those advocating circumcision and OT ritual keeping as a means of getting blessed (Judaizers). They must be confronted and silenced so they don't influence others for the sake of temporal gain, and overthrow others' faith in God's promises (cf 2Tim 2:18). Paul quotes one of the Cretan prophets (it's always good to have someone else say the things at which people will take offense), to highlight their lying, laziness, and non-spiritual self-indulgence. These false teachers must be reproved sharply (error brought to light) so they might be sound/healthy in the faith. This should clue you into the fact that these are believers. The solution is not to evangelise them, so they believe in Christ's substitutionary atonement (they already did that), but to educate them in the truth. Sometimes one has to blast before they can build. The deficiency is not a lack of being born again, but a lack of living the new life. Such a life would be characterized by truthfulness, and attention to the truth, rather than lying and following fables and the commands of men (who turn away from the truth, which implies they had and knew it). They profess to know God (pay attention to Him), but deny Him obedience by their works, doing their will rather than God's will, and as a result both their mind and conscience are defiled (unfit for service and blessing). Remember the conscience is what governs our sense of what is right and wrong; by habitually disobeying, one loses the ability to discern good and evil. They become unfit rather than equipped for the good works God created them in Christ to do (Eph 2:10). To those who are holy/pure, all things are pure (don't sweat the details of Jewish purification or foods), but to the defiled (stained) and unfaithful (the opposite of the faithful elder's children in verse 6), nothing is pure, but everything they touch or say is tainted, because it comes from an impure heart. In contrast to the elders who are lovers of what is good, these disobedient believers are unfit for doing anything good, much less teach others. Notice that these are people in the church, opposing the truth, spreading lies, indulging their desires, saying they know (pay attention to) God, but their lives invalidate that claim. Many teach (incorrectly) that these are unregenerate people in the church. Paul wouldn't have to warn against people who denied that Jesus died for their sins. The thing being denied is the lifestyle of pleasing God, which has much greater applicability to ancient and modern audiences. Remember the corrective is not to evangelise so they accept Christ, but to refute falsehood so they follow Christ in truth, and can be blessed.
Mt 15:8 “'These people draw near to Me with their mouth, and honor Me with their lips, but their heart is far from Me. 9 And in vain they worship Me, teaching as doctrines the commandments of men.' "
Application: All believers should embody godliness, so they can do the good works for which God created them in Christ.

Prayer: God, thanks that You flesh out the truth in the lives of faithful believers; may I be a model of godliness; please show me whatever needs to change in my life so it will be characterized by Your desire. Amen.


Titus 2 The Sound-Minded Are Godly
2:1 But speak the things which fit sound doctrine,
2 that older men should be temperate, sensible/honorable, sound-minded, sound/healthy in faith, in love, and in patience/endurance:
3 and that older women likewise be reverent/godly in behavior, not slanderers nor enslaved to much wine, teachers of that which is good;
4 that they may train the young women to love their husbands, to love their children, 5 to be sound-minded, chaste, workers at home, kind, being in subjection to their own husbands, that God’s word may not be blasphemed.
6 Likewise, exhort the younger men to be sound-minded;
7 in all things showing yourself an example of good works; in your teaching showing integrity, seriousness, incorruptibility, 8 and soundness of speech that can’t be condemned; that he who opposes you may be ashamed, having no evil thing to say about us.
9 Exhort servants to be in subjection to their own masters, and to be well-pleasing in all things; not contradicting; 10 not stealing, but showing all good fidelity; that they may adorn the doctrine of God, our Savior, in all things.
11 For the grace of God that brings salvation to all men, 
has been revealed/manifested 
12 instructing/training us to the intent that,
denying ungodliness and worldly lusts
we would live sound-mindedly, righteously, and godly in this present age;
13 looking for the blessed hope and appearing of the glory of our great God and Savior, Jesus Christ
14 who gave himself for us,
 that he might redeem us from all iniquity
and purify for himself a people for his own possession
zealous for good works.
15 Speak these things and exhort and reprove with all authority. Let no man despise you.

Observations: 2:1-6 In contrast to the bad guys who don't speak what is in accord with sound/healthy teaching/doctrine, which benefit the hearers, Timothy should speak those things which do. Paul describes four groups, and the common characteristic, is sound-mindedness (temporal passions governed by eternal objectives). It is the only item mentioned for young men (other than Titus' example), and is implicit in the requirement for the older women to be able to teach it to the younger women. Here women teach, but not to men. The behaviors specified are self-explanatory lifestyle choices, worth adopting wholeheartedly, so the word of God will be authenticated and upheld by their lives, rather than disparaged.
2:7-10 In all things Titus is to be an example of good works (again unlike the bad guys in the last chapter who follow their own desires). In his teaching, he must have integrity, both with regard to the text, and his own life, so what he said couldn't be discounted or refuted. He was to instruct slaves/employees to adorn the doctrine/teaching of God by their exemplary work ethic and performance.
2:11-12 The reason Paul should teach believers to have lives consistent with their belief is because the saving grace of God (KJV = which brings salvation/glorification) has been revealed (Lk 1:79; Titus 3:4) to all men/women (Jews/Greeks). The promise of Messianic grace should prompt believers to deny ungodly behavior and indulgence in temporal lusts and live sound-mindedly, righteously, and in a godly manner in this present age (here's the word for eternal – aion used for a temporal period of time, this age -Strong's # 165). The grace/glory that was brought to light through the Messianic heralds (from John to the apostles) and Christ Himself, should train (word used for disciplining children and athletes) us to go for the glory rather than the gory corruption of sin.
2:13-15 Those who live as God desires are motivated by the hope of the dominion/glory of the age (eternal life – 1:2). The KJV, NKJV, and NIV translators did a disservice to countless believers by translating the noun “glory” as an adjective (“glorious appearing”) rather than in accord with the grammar, and in harmony with the context, as “appearing of the glory” (ASV, NASB, ESV, etc.). Believers don't hope for Christ's eventual return (there is no uncertainty in that) but they do hope for the glory/grace of God/Jesus that will be given them (1Pt 1:13). Note the equation of God and Jesus.
1Peter 1:13 Therefore gird up the loins of your mind, be sober, and rest your hope fully upon the grace that is to be brought to you at the revelation of Jesus Christ; 14 as obedient children, not conforming yourselves to the former lusts, as in your ignorance; 15 but as He who called you is holy, you also be holy in all your conduct, 16 because it is written, "Be holy, for I am holy." 17 And if you call on the Father, who without partiality judges according to each one's work, conduct yourselves throughout the time of your stay here in fear...”
The motivation for doing good works is hope of reward: “Well done, good and faithful servant.” (See Some Rewarding Verses for Contemplation). This is in keeping with God's plan in saving us (Eph 1). Jesus gave himself to justify us, so that that he might redeem us from all iniquity and purify (sanctify) for Himself a people loyal to Him, who would be zealous for doing good works (see Survey of Good Works on Truthbase.net if you have any doubt what they are). Those who don't do good works are either not justified unbelievers, or believers behaving badly. The latter view is the only one consistent with justification by faith.
As he instructed Timothy, Paul tells Titus to not let anyone's disparaging of him discourage him from encouraging and reproving with all authority.

Application: Sanctified believers should be zealous for good works (know what they are and do them) motivated by the glory/grace God will give them, so they will not be tempted to go for the world's glory.

Prayer: Lord, help me value Your glory, so I will deny my desires and live for Yours, as a sound-minded and saved former sinner. Amen.


Titus 3 Saved to Serve
3:1 Remind them to be in subjection to rulers and to authorities, to be obedient, to be ready for every good work, 2 to speak evil of no one, not to be contentious, to be gentle, showing all humility toward all men. 3 For we were also once foolish, disobedient, deceived, serving various lusts and pleasures, living in malice and envy, hateful, and hating one another.


4 But when the kindness/goodness of God our Savior and his love toward mankind appeared,
5 not by works of righteousness, which we did ourselves,
but according to his mercy,
he saved us,
through the washing of regeneration and renewing by the Holy Spirit,
6 whom he poured out on us richly, through Jesus Christ our Savior;
7 so that, being justified by his grace,
we might become heirs
according to the hope of eternal life/dominion of the Age.


8 This saying is faithful, and concerning these things I desire that you affirm confidently, so that those who have believed God may be careful to give attention to good works. These things are good and profitable to men;
9 but shun foolish questionings, genealogies, strife, and disputes about the law; for they are unprofitable and vain. 10 Avoid/reject a factious/divisive man after a first and second warning; 11 knowing that such a one is perverted/warped, and sinning, being self-condemned.
12 When I send Artemas to you, or Tychicus, be diligent to come to me to Nicopolis, for I have determined to winter there. 13 Send Zenas, the lawyer, and Apollos on their journey speedily, that nothing may be lacking for them. 14 Let our people also learn to maintain good works for necessary uses, that they may not be unfruitful. 15 All who are with me greet you. Greet those who love us in faith. Grace be with you all. Amen.

Observations: 3:1-7 Paul instructs Titus to remind all believers to be in submission to ruling authorities, and be ready/prepared to engage in every good work. They are also not to speak evil of others, nor be contentious, but gentle and humble toward all, since they were once difficult to be around too. Before believing in Christ, they were foolish and disobedient, deceived, and enslaved to their lusts and pleasures, incapable of loving relationships with others. But that all changed when the goodness and love (literally “philanthropy”) was manifested. He saved them (Paul includes himself in this group of justified, forgiven, and born again believers), but not by their works (because they were worthless). He saved them in accordance with His mercy (Eph 2:4) by means of the washing/cleansing (only used in Eph 5:26) that is sourced in regeneration and the renewal that is sourced in the Holy Spirit. See more comments on this in the observations in the Topical Memory System post in Titus 3:5. Paul focuses on the work of the Holy Spirit, given richly at the time of our trust in Christ (conversion/justification), so that (hina + subjunctive verb = purpose statement) those who have been justified by His grace (forgiven, done deal, can't be undone by bad behavior because it wasn't done by good behavior), might (subjunctive/conditional mood) become heirs or inheritors, according to the hope/expectation of eternal life (dominion in the Messianic Age). This is in accord with God's purpose, but it's achievement is up to us (Eph 1; Rom 11), hence the importance of obedient good works.
3:8-11 Paul wants Titus to affirm this faithful saying so that those those who have believed in God might be careful to give attention to good works which God has planned for them. It would make no sense to Titus to be told to emphasize this if verse 7 isn't conditional. This is in accord with the OT theme of righteousness (careful to do what is right in His sight) being necessary for blessings in the Promised Land (a theme of the NT too -Mt 5-7). These things are good, and profitable in the future Kingdom (1Tim 4:8).
But unprofitable things are vain/worthless and should be avoided, especially disputes about the law. A person who insists on choosing their own way contrary to sound teaching and logic (hairetikos, from which we get the English “heretic”) should be rejected after two warnings (three strikes and you're out). Some people don't want to bring their thinking into alignment with the truth, and sometime the most loving thing to do is have nothing to do with them. Exposing them to more truth which they will continue to reject, just sets them up for more judgment. This is one of the reasons Jesus began speaking in parables after the leaders of the nation made it clear they didn't want to accept truth. It's also better stewardship of time and blood pressure. Paul makes some unflattering summations about the ones who reject the truth; they are warped or twisted out of the right way, sinning, and self-condemned (not a person to pal around with).
3:12-15 As usual, Paul adds some personal notes, when Titus gets relieved by Artemas or Tychicus, he should hasten to see Paul at Nicopolis. He should also send Zenos and Apollos (they would have been a good debating team) on their ministry journey with all they need materially. The material provision would come from the believers at Crete, who must learn (imperative) to give attention to good works that provide for the material needs of others so that they (the Cretans) wouldn't be unfruitful (in their faith, in light of the coming glory).
All who were with Paul said “Hi” and Titus should say “Hey” to all those who love (philos) Paul and his companions. Finally he wishes Titus and company the covenantal blessing of grace.
Application: God saved us irrespective of what we did, so we could become heirs of His glory based upon what we do; so do what He desires.
Prayer: God, thanks for forgiving me in Christ; and planning to bless me more in the future; may I walk worthy of Your glory, doing the good works for which You created me. Amen.

Digging Deeper

God in a nutshell: Saves people, not on the basis of works but to do good works, for which they gain glory. He pours out His Spirit upon them so they have the means to become godly and the grace to do the good works.

Build-a-Jesus: Jesus is God, and will appear in His glory to give glory to faithful, sound-minded believers.

Us in a nutshell: We are given truth so we can apply it, becoming godly in the process. Godly believers are on track for glory by harnessing their passions for God's purposes (being sound-minded). Those who don't do that are unfit for doing anything good, defiled, and disqualified from sharing in the glory of the eternal kingdom (bad choice).



Titus 3:4 contains two words that are manifestations of God, often translated “kindness and love” which while true of God, are not suited to the context, and lead the English reader astray from a beneficial application of the text.
Kindness (5544 χρηστοτης chrestotes) usually leads us to think of a sweet disposition that is nice to others.
Goodness would be a little better translation, but in Galatians 5:22, the “fruits” of the Spirit, elaborating on love, list kindness (#5544) and goodness (#19 αγαθωσυνη agathosune) next to each other, indicating that kindness is different enough from goodness to be listed separately,* as are longsuffering and self-control, etc. In the KJV the fruit #5544 chrestotes, is translated “gentleness,” which misses the real meaning even more than “kindness” does.

So how should we understand #5544 chrestotes?
5444 “usefulness” comes from #5543 “employed” (below). Neither is a demeanor word.
5543 “employed” is the root meaning of the base of “usefulness.” So what does being employed or useful have to do with “kindness”? There actually is a link, but it isn't that obvious in modern usage.

A person has to have something in order to share it with others (Eph 4:28). Romans 3:12 contrasts  #5544 chrestotes with “unprofitable” (#889 is the verb;  #888 is the adjective used of the unprofitable servant in Mt 25:30). Romans 3:12 is a quote of Psalm 14:1-3, describing the abominable practical atheist who doesn't seek after God, nor do anything that benefits anyone or anything other than their lusts. The rest of Romans 3 and Psalm 14:1-3 are pretty similar to the unprofitable behavior in Titus 3:3. Clearly when understood in context, chrestotes isn't about being kind vs unkind, but about being beneficial to or profiting others rather than indulging one's carnal desires.

Romans 11:22 contrasts God's goodness/kindness toward those who abide/continue in His beneficence
with His severity (which has the root idea of “cut” or sever) toward those who don't continue, and will be cut off like a tree, branch, or hand.

For reasons outlined above and below, I think we should resurrect a little used word: “beneficence,”  which is is a character trait that produces/causes benefit or something good for others. You're aware of “beneficial”, which leads most to think of benefit, or good for you, and that is closer in meaning. “Bene” is good. And “-fic” is a root meaning to “make, produce, or cause.”

Linked with “kindness/goodness/beneficence” in Titus 3:4 is “love” #5363 φιλανθρωπια philanthropia from which we get the English philanthropy. It is a combination of the word for philos (a word to define the bonds of affection in a family as in phil-adelphia=brotherly love), but instead of being confined to specific family members, it is expressed toward a large portion of humanity. It is used only one other time in the NT Scriptures:
Acts 28:2 And the barbarous people showed us no little philanthropia/kindness: for they kindled a fire, and received us every one, because of the present rain, and because of the cold.
“Barbarous” is the Greek designation of an unmannerly non-Greek, ie, a barbarian (915 βαρβαρος barbaros). Here Luke portrays them as extending a concern for the well being of the shipwreck victims, something one would normally do for family members.

So both “beneficence” and “philanthropy” are the characteristics of God that He displayed in the salvation process of Titus 3:5-7, which should be reflected in the interactions of recipients of that grace toward others. Rather than being consumed and devouring with the “satisfactions” of their passions/lusts reflected in their taking pieces out of others, they should be benefiting others as specified in Titus 3:8-11, which would include the avoidance of unbeneficial/unprofitable behaviors in verse 9, and the commands that could be considered by cultural Christians to be “unloving” and “unkind” in verses 10-11.

Titus 3:8 This is a faithful saying, and these things I want you to affirm constantly, that those who have believed in God should be careful to maintain good works. These things are good and profitable to men. 9 But avoid foolish disputes, genealogies, contentions, and strivings about the law; for they are unprofitable and useless. 10 Reject a divisive man after the first and second admonition, 11 knowing that such a person is warped and sinning, being self-condemned.



Models of Godliness - Elder Qualifications 


1 Timothy 4:7 train yourself to be godly 6:11 pursue righteousness, godliness, faith, love... Titus 1:1 apostle for faith...and experiential knowledge of the truth which leads to godliness, 2 Peter 1:3  add to your faith...perseverance, godliness...not unfruitful...rich welcome


Titus 1:6  elder must be blameless, the husband of but one wife, a man whose children believe & are not open to the charge of being wild & disobedient.
I Timothy 3:2-5 Now the overseer must be above reproach, the husband of but one wife... 4 He must manage his own family well and see that his children obey him with proper respect. 5 (If anyone doesn't know how to manage his own family, how can he take care of God's church?)
I. BLAMELESS (Above reproach, Unindictable)
A. Is there anything in his life that has not been dealt with in a biblical manner? Could you charge him with any uncorrected wrongdoing? Is there any way in which he is not a model of godliness?
B. If so, follow the principle of Matthew 18.
C. Can he limit his natural desires to do what God desires or what is best for others?
D. Is he a model of godliness, in the sense that he is characterized by consistent experiential knowledge (application) of truth?
E. Does his behavior indicate that his actions are based upon a strong hope or expectation of eternal rewards? (Titus 1:2)
II. HUSBAND-OF ONE WIFE (One woman man)
A. Are his attentions and delights focused solely on his wife?
B. Do his interactions with other women indicate that he is a one-woman man?
C. Does his relationship with his wife indicate that he would not drift towards an actual or fantasized affair?
D .Do the observable parts of his life provide evidence that he has control of his desires?
E. Does he limit his desires, for the benefit of his wife?
III. BELIEVING CHILDREN (Passing on the faith)
A. Has he passed on his faith to his children (and others)?
B. Is his relationship with Jesus such that it is attractive to others?
C. Is he free from hypocrisy so that he's the same at church and at home?
IV. BEHAVING CHILDREN (Passing on the lifestyle)
A. Has he passed on the sound-minded control of his emotions and desires to his children?
B. Do his children (disciples) demonstrate the ability to limit their desires for a higher objective (wild = not saving)?
C. Has he passed on the lifestyle of submission to authority? Or are his children rebellious?
D. Do his children obey him with God-fearing respect?
E. Do his children honor their parents?
V. MANAGING FAMILY WELL
A. Does his family exhibit the Biblical pattern for families (Eph 5-6; Col 3) Is it a model for others?
B. Does his wife respond to his leadership with respect and submission?
C. Is he disciplining and training his children to fear the Lord?
D. Would you want the church to be like his family life?
E. Does he take the initiative in solving family difficulties or does he let things smolder until things explode?
F. Is his home in such an order that it can be used as a base for ministry?
Titus 1:7 Since an overseer is entrusted with God's work, he must be blameless--not overbearing, not quick-tempered, not given to drunkenness, not violent, not pursuing dishonest gain. I Timothy -3:3 not given to drunkenness, not violent but gentle, not quarrelsome, not a lover of money.
VI. STEWARD/ENTRUSTED WITH GOD'S WORK
A. If you were God. would you hire him and entrust him with your property or business?   B. Why or why not?
VII. NOT OVERBEARING (Self-willed, Self-pleasing)
A. Does he insist on having his own way?
B. Does he patiently persuade or force his opinion on others?
C. Is he open to new ideas?
D. Does he nit-pick the little things under the guise of being right?
E. Does he make decisions based on what's right or what pleases him?./
F. Is he sensitive to what is in another's best interest as well as their feelings and preferences?
IX. NOT QUICK-TEMPERED
A. Can he endure injustice and ill-treatment?
B. Does he insist on being right?
C. Does he have to tell you what he thinks or can he control his anger?
D. In the face of sheer stupidity can he channel his outrage constructively?
E. Does irritation quickly flare up into anger?
X. NOT BESIDE WINE (Escapism)
A. Does he avoid or escape his responsibilities through procrastination?
B. Does he comfort himself or alter his experience or reality through alcohol, food, TV, travel, computer games or other forms of amusement?
C. Can he face and do the unpleasant?
D. Does he avoid and run away from failure or overcome and learn from it?
XI. NOT VIOLENT (Hasty in striking an opponent)
A. When wronged, does he lash out or seek to get even or get revenge?
B. Can he attack a position without attacking the person?
C. Has he freed himself from unrighteous anger, hate or hostility?
D. Can he disagree without being disagreeable?
E. Would you call him a peacemaker who can reconcile relationships?
F. Does he seek to understand another's position and the reasoning (or lack thereof) behind it before attacking the position?
XII. NOT PURSUING DISHONEST GAIN
A. Is he free from the love of money? Is he a workaholic?
B. Would he compromise a principle to add to his principal?
C. Does he live within a budget?
D. Does he tithe, recognizing God's ownership of all he has?
E. Will he compromise (not forsake) the truth so others will like him?
F. Does he base his estimate of himself and others on their income?
*G. Does he place his job ahead of his family or spiritual responsibilities, or does he neglect spiritual service for work?
Titus 1:8 Rather he must be hospitable, one who loves what is good, who is self-controlled, upright, holy and disciplined 
I Timothy 3:2 temperate self-controlled, respectable, hospitable, able to teach
XIII. HOSPITABLE (Lover of strangers)
A. Does he seek out strangers and visitors and make them feel welcome?
B. Can he develop a relationship with a stranger to the point where he can discern & help accomplish God's purposes for that person?
C. Does he use his home as a base for ministering to other's needs?
D. Is he growing in his circle of acquaintances and friendships?
Rom 12:13 Share with God's people who are in need. Practice hospitality  Heb 13:2 Do not forget to entertain strangers, for by so doing some people have entertained strangers without knowing it. 1Pt 4:9 Offer hospitality to one another without grumbling.
XIV. LOVER OF GOOD
A. Is he attracted toward what is good?
B. What good works have you seen demonstrated in his life?
C. Does he have a disdain for what is not good?
2Tim 3:2 People will be lovers of themselves, lovers of money, boastful, proud, abusive. disobedient to their parents, ungrateful unholy, 3 without love, unforgiving, slanderous, without self-control, brutal, not lovers of good, 4 treacherous, rash, conceited, lovers of pleasure rather than lovers of God--5 having a form of godliness but denying its power. Have nothing to do with them. 7 always learning but never able to acknowledge the truth.
XV. SOUND MINDED (Self-controlled)
A. Does he govern his life by principles and objectives or by natural drives, appetites, and lusts. (i.e., sex or security)?
B. Is it obvious that he limits what he could be doing in order to do what God wants?
C. Can he explain the thinking behind his actions or does he just go with the flow?
D. Does his mind control his feelings and actions or does he react and then rationalize?
E. Does he think before he acts, making decisions based on accurate information?
F. Does he have grasp of the big picture so that he knows when he has enough information to make a decision that pleases God?
Mk 5:15 When they came to Jesus, they saw the man who had been possessed by the legion of demons, sitting there, dressed and in his right mind,- and they were afraid. (see also 2 Cor 5:13)  Ac 26:25 "I am not insane, most excellent Festus, ' Paul replied. "What I am saying is true and reasonable. Rm 12:3 For by the grace given me I say to every one of you.- Do not think of yourself more highly than you ought, but rather think of yourself with sober judgment, in accordance with the measure of faith God has given you. 2Tim 1 7 For God did not give us a spirit of timidity, but a spirit of power and of love and of self-discipline. Titus 2:2 each the older men to be temperate, worthy of respect, self-controlled, and sound in faith, in love and in endurance. Titus 2:5 to be self-controlled and pure, to be busy at home, to be kind, and to be subject to their husbands so that no one will malign the word of God. 12 It teaches us to say "No " to ungodliness and worldly passions, and to live self-controlled, upright, and godly lives in this present age,
XVI. JUST (Upright)
A. Has he taught himself to automatically know what is right and just and fair in the common circumstances of life (through steeping his values in Proverbs)?
B. Does he exhibit justice and fairness in dealing even with his opponents?
C. Does he operate according to God's standards and principles in all spheres of his life'?
D. Does he make decisions based on God's perspectives and values?
XVII. HOLY
A. Does he know or seek out what God wants or desires when faced with a decision?
B. Could you say that he does what Jesus would do in any given situation?
C. Would he be known as devout or pious?
D. Does he exhibit a concern for pleasing God?
E. Is he a model of personal holiness?
F. Do his speech and values indicate that he is in the world but not of the world?
G. Doss he care more about what God thinks than what others think?
Eph 4:22 You were taught, with regard to your former way of life, to put off your old desires; 23 to be made new in the attitude of your minds; 24 and to put on the new self, created to be like God in true righteousness and holiness.
]Tim 2:10 You are witnesses, and so is God, of how holy, righteous and blameless we were among you who believed.
I Tim 2:81 want men everywhere to lift up holy hands in prayer, without anger or disputing.
Heb 7:26 Such a high priest meets our need-one who is holy, blameless, pure, set apart from sinners, exalted above the heavens.
XVIII. DISCIPLINED (Power under control)
A. Does his will control his life so that he does what God wants even when his emotions and past experiences point in another direction?
B. Is there evidence that he can make or break a habit?
C. Does he consistently practice the disciplines of the Christian life: devotional time, Scripture memory, Bible study, and prayer?
D. Is self-control evident in his eating, exercise, and speech habits?
E. Can he inhibit or exhibit a desire at will?
F. Is it obvious that he is in training for the prize?
G. Is he controlling his life or are others or circumstances ruling it?
Ac 24:25 As Paul discoursed on righteousness, self-control and the judgment to come, Felix was afraid and said 'that's enough for now! You may leave. When I find it convenient, I will send for you. "
1Co 7:9 But if they cannot control themselves, they should marry, for it is better to marry than to bum.
1Co 9:25 Everyone who competes in the games goes into strict training. 7hey do it to get a crown that will not last,- but we do it to get a crown that will last forever. Gal 5.-22 But the fruit of the Spirit is ..self-control.
2Pe 1:5 For this very reason, make every effort to add to your faith goodness; and to goodness, knowledge, and to knowledge, self-control, and to self-control, perseverance; and to perseverance, godliness
I Timothy 3:2 ...able to teach…   Titus 1:9 He must hold firmly to the trustworthy message as it has been taught, so that he can encourage others by sound doctrine and refute those who oppose it. 10 For there are many rebellious people, mere talkers and deceivers, especially those of the circumcision group. 11 They must be silenced, because they are ruining whole households by teaching things they ought not to teach--and that for the sake of dishonest gain.
XIX. ABLE TO TEACH
A. KNOWING THE WORD
1. Can he accurately represent what God has said?
2. Is he a diligent student of the Word of God?
3 . Is he on a path which over the course of a lifetime will lead to mastery of the Truth?
4. Is he mining fresh truth or recycling platitudes?
5. Does he know the whole counsel of God, or just ride hobbyhorses?
6. Does he emphasize what God emphasizes?
B. APPLYING THE WORD
1. IN EXAMPLE
a. Is his lifestyle such that he has credibility?
b. Does he practice what he preaches (model godliness)?
c. Is he an embodiment of sound doctrine? (hold firmly to the message)?
2. IN TEACHING
a. Is he able to limit his preferences and overcome obstacles to communicate so others understand?
b. Is his teaching geared to knowledge or obedience?
3. IN ENCOURAGING (calling alongside)
a. Does his teaching provide Biblical motivation for obedience?
b. Does he encourage others with the word (sound doctrine) or what they want to hear (pious platitudes)?
c. Does he encourage others in the Lord or build dependence on himself or other temporal props?
4. IN REPROVING
a. Does he love people enough to confront unbiblical thinking/actions even when he knows he won't be liked or
accepted (and may even be misunderstood and slandered)?
b. Is he more concerned about his reputation with God than with what others think of him?
c. Are his arguments based upon the Scriptures or his preferences?
d. Does he exhibit gentleness and long-suffering in his rebuking?
e. Does he bring things to light (reproof) before rebuke?
f. Does he allow time for repentance?
g. Does he follow up rebuke with encouragement if there's repentance or with initiating church discipline (Mt 18) if not?
h. Is his goal restoration or condemnation?
I Timothy 3:1 Here is a trustworthy saying: If anyone sets his heart on being an overseer, he desires a noble task.
XX. ASPIRE/DESIRE
A. Does he seek to be used by God in leading/serving others or does he act like he's doing God and others a favor?
B. Does he approach serving as worshipful service or a holy hobby?
I Timothy 3:6 He must not be a recent convert, or he may become conceited and fall under the same judgment as the devil.
XXI. MATURE/HUMBLE
A. Has he had time to develop mature fruit of the Spirit in his life?
B. Is he prone to conceit or does he have a proper view of himself'.?
C. Has he eagerly sought service in the shadows as well as in the spotlight?
I Timothy 3:7 He must also have a good reputation with outsiders, so that he will not fall into disgrace and into the devil's trap.
XXII GOOD REPUTATION
A. Does he present the same picture at work or at home as he does at church?
B. Are his business practices above reproach?
C. Does his non-church life draw others to church and Christ?
D. Can he handle responsibility without it going to his head?
E. Would his boss fill out a recommendation form for him?
1Tim 3:8 Deacons. likewise, are to be men worthy of respect, sincere, not indulging in much wine, and not pursuing dishonest gain.
XXIII. RESPECTABLE
A. Is he worthy of respect due to his accomplishments and competence?
B. Has he done anything to undermine his respect?
XXIV. SINCERE (Not slanderers)
A. Does he keep his promises?
XXV. TEMPERATE
A. Can he restrain and control his appetites and desires?
B. See under "Escapism", "Sound-minded", and "Self-control".
XVI. NOT GREEDY FOR A QUICK BUCK
A. See under "Not Pursuing Dishonest Gain".
XXVII. KNOW THE TRUTH & APPLY THE TRUTH  A. See under "Able to Teach".
I Timothy 3. 1 0 They must first be tested, and then if there is nothing against them, let them serve as deacons.
XXVIII. TESTED
A. Has he demonstrated faithfulness in other "unofficial" tasks'?
XXIX. BLAMELESS See above #I.
ITim 3:11 Same way, their wives are to be women worthy of respect, not malicious talkers, but temperate & trustworthy in everything.
XXX. WIFE WASHERS (Eph 5)
A. Has he been a stimulus to his wife's Christlikeness by both example and word?
B. Has he helped her grow in her obedience to the word and service?
C. Does his wife exhibit order and respectability'?
D. Is his wife known for her gracious edifying speech rather than indiscreet gossip or critical talk?
E. Can his wife be trusted with a secret or a responsibility?

Questions for Reflection/Discussion/Response:
  1. Are all believers models of godliness?  Is godliness automatic or do we have to do something to achieve it? How do you get it?
  2. Why the emphasis on family? How does a woman reflect on her husband? What can you tell about a person from their spouse>
  3. What is “spiritual leadership”? Is it important? Should all men strive to become elders?  Should all believers strive to become godly?
  4. What can you do to increase your GQ (godliness quotient) and that of those around you? Are you a model of godliness?

Where to Go for More:
Truthbase.net